Understanding Depression: You're Not Alone

Depression is more than feeling sad. It’s a medical condition and a mood disorder that affects how people think, feel, and function in daily life. It's not something you can catch, and it's not something you can simply “snap out of.”

Depression is real.

Depression is common.

Depression is treatable.

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What is Depression?

Depression is characterized by a persistent sense of sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in activities that once brought joy. It affects the brain, body, and behavior in ways that can feel overwhelming.

Common symptoms include:

• Low mood or irritability lasting more than two weeks

• Loss of interest in hobbies or activities

• Fatigue or low energy

• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions

• Changes in sleep—sleeping too much or too little

• Changes in appetite or weight

• Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt

• Thoughts of death or suicide

  
  

Depression exists on a spectrum. For some, it’s a persistent low-level cloud; for others, it’s a deep and paralyzing darkness. Both deserve attention and care.

What Causes Depression?

Depression is multifactorial, meaning many factors can contribute at once. These include:

• Biological factors: genetics, brain chemistry, hormonal changes

• Psychological factors: negative thinking patterns, low self-esteem, trauma

• Environmental factors: loss, chronic stress, abuse, or illness

  
  

Depression doesn’t discriminate. It can affect people of all ages, genders, and backgrounds.

When Should You Seek Help?

A good rule of thumb: if your symptoms are interfering with your ability to live, love, or work, it’s time to talk to someone.

More specifically, consider reaching out if:

• Your mood has been low most days for more than two weeks

• You’re withdrawing from loved ones or social activities

• You’re struggling to keep up with responsibilities

• You’ve noticed changes in sleep, appetite, or energy

• You’re having thoughts of self-harm or suicide

  
  

There is no shame in getting help. Just as you’d seek treatment for chest pain or a broken bone, your mental health deserves the same care. Treatment options—such as therapy, medication, or a combination of both—can provide relief and healing.

How to Support Someone with Depression

Watching someone you care about struggle with depression can be difficult, but your presence can make a real difference. Here’s how to help:

1. Be Present

   You don’t need perfect words. Sometimes just saying, “I’m here for you,” is enough.

   
   

2. Listen Without Judgment

   Avoid minimizing their feelings. Try, “That sounds really hard. I’m sorry you’re feeling this way.”

   
   

3. Encourage Professional Help

   Offer to help them find a therapist, make an appointment, or even go with them.

   
   

4. Be Patient

   Recovery isn’t linear. There will be good days and bad days. Stay consistent in your support.

   
   

5. Take Care of Yourself

   Supporting someone else can be draining. Set boundaries and make sure you’re getting the support you need, too.

You Are Not Alone

Depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, yet so many people suffer in silence out of fear or stigma. If you or someone you care about is struggling, know that help is available. With the right treatment and support, it is possible to rediscover hope, reconnect with joy, and rebuild your life.

Reaching out for help isn’t a sign of weakness. It’s a courageous first step toward feeling better.

See our Emergency page for a list of local resources in the event of a mental health crisis.